Bio fiber - the knot of nature

What is bio fiber? The bio fiber is a fiber which is derived of biological origin, this fiber is produced naturally or via a regenerated process in basically agriculture or farming field. Bio fiber is a by product or waste product of any biological source, it can be human hair, far of a sheep infact the tissue of jute. Bio fiber is a mirror version of polymer but not acts as manmade polymer. Source of bio fiber Bio fiber source actually classified into 3 basic active natural ways by itself. Bio fibers work in different ways. Mostly fibers are collecting from animals, plants & minerals, but plants & animals fibers are specially effective fibers for any eco friendly project. Bio fibers sources like- hemp, jute, flax, coir, agri waste, starch, recycled paper fibers and wood fibers as well as cellulose / nanocellulose. Types of fiber There are 7 types of fibers 1. Cellulose 2. Inulin 3. Pectins 4. Beta glucans 5. Psyllium 6. Lignin 7. Resistant starch Classification of bio fiber source Bast fibers from the stem- Flax, Hemp, Jute, Banana Bast fibers from leaf- Ananas, Agave, Palm etc. Bast fibers from seed- Cotton, Soya, Coir etc. Bast fibers from fruit- Luffa, Coir, Move etc. Blend bio fibers that are degradable and sustainable can be engineered from a mixture of cellulose and proteins i.e soy protein, silk fibroin, collagen etc. Why bio fibers? Bio- fibres are much eco-friendly, cost-effective, lighter in weight and renewable in industry, agri usages, as well as in textiles. It have potential to use in composites. Some renewable natural resources can be beneficially exploited to engender innovative bio- composites for dual benefit. Properties of bio-fibers- Composite materials reinforced with biofibers and nanomaterials are becoming considerably popular, especially for their light weight, strength, exceptional stiffness, flexural rigidity, damping property, longevity, corrosion, biodegradability & fire resistant properties. Agro-based biofibers have the composition, properties and structure that make them suitable for uses such as composite, textile, pulp and paper manufacture. In addition, biofibers can also be used to produce fuel, chemicals, enzymes and food. Byproducts produced from the cultivation of corn, wheat, rice, sorghum, barley, sugarcane, pineapple, banana and coconut are the major sources of agro-based biofibers. This case analyses the production processes, structure, properties and suitability of these biofibers for various agro based industrial applications.